Liquid sodium silicate is a colorless to slightly reddish transparent or translucent viscous liquid. It is popular for its high viscosity, heat resistance, and good water resistance.
In the construction industry, liquid sodium silicate is used as an enhancer for concrete and mortar, improving the material's strength and durability. Additionally, it plays an important role in fields such as textiles, paper manufacturing, and oil extraction. For example, it is used as a sizing agent for textiles, an adhesive in paper production, and an additive in drilling fluids for oil fields.
When storing and using liquid sodium silicate, care should be taken due to its strong alkalinity, and direct contact with skin and eyes should be avoided.
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READ MORELiquid sodium silicate (Na2O·nSiO2, commonly known as "water glass") plays an important role in the textile and papermaking industry due to its excellent adhesion, pH adjustment ability, stability and environmental protection characteristics. This article will explore its functional principles and industrial applications in dyeing auxiliary, bleaching stabilizer, etc.
(1) As a dyeing auxiliary
Functional principle:
pH buffer: Sodium silicate solution is alkaline (pH 11~12), which can maintain a stable pH environment in the dye bath and promote the chemical bonding of active dyes with fibers (such as cotton and linen).
Dispersant: Prevents dye aggregation, improves dyeing uniformity, and reduces color spots.
Soaping auxiliary: Helps remove unfixed dyes in the subsequent soaping process and improves color fastness.
Application cases:
Used in dyeing cotton fabrics with reactive dyes, it can reduce the amount of electrolytes (such as sodium sulfate) used and reduce costs.
(2) Stabilizer in bleaching process
Synergistic effect with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂):
Sodium silicate can stabilize the decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide to avoid fiber damage (such as holes in cotton cloth) caused by too fast decomposition.
By complexing heavy metal ions (such as Fe³⁺, Cu²⁺), it prevents catalytic side reactions and improves bleaching efficiency.
Alternative solutions:
Under the trend of environmental protection, some companies have switched to organic stabilizers (such as EDTA substitutes), but sodium silicate is still widely used due to its low cost and stable effect.
(1) Pulp Bleaching Stabilizer
Chemical pulp bleaching (such as KP process, sulfate pulp):
In the ECF (elemental chlorine-free bleaching) and TCF (total chlorine-free bleaching) processes, sodium silicate is combined with H₂O₂ to improve whiteness and reduce fiber degradation.
Inhibit the ineffective consumption of bleaching agents by transition metal ions and reduce the amount of chemicals used.
Waste paper deinking process:
Enhance the effect of deinking agents, help separate ink particles, and improve the quality of recycled pulp.
(2) As a retention aid
The colloidal properties of sodium silicate can improve the retention rate of fine fibers and fillers and reduce the loss of raw materials in the papermaking process.
Environmental pressure: Highly alkaline wastewater needs to be neutralized and treated, which promotes the research and development of low-alkali modified sodium silicate.
Alternative materials: such as silicate-magnesium salt composite system, which takes into account stability and environmental friendliness.
Intelligent control: Optimize the amount of sodium silicate added by real-time monitoring of pH and metal ion concentration.